help button home button
AJRCMB
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Simpson, S. Q.
Right arrow Articles by Bice, D. E.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Simpson, S. Q.
Right arrow Articles by Bice, D. E.

Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., Vol 10, No. 3, Mar 1994, 284-289.

Heat-killed pneumococci and pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides stimulate tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by murine macrophages

SQ Simpson, R Singh and DE Bice
Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131- 5271.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is an important humoral mediator of sepsis and endotoxin-induced shock. However, Streptococcus pneumoniae, a gram-positive organism, is the most common causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis. We hypothesized that the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia and sepsis involves pneumococcus- stimulated TNF synthesis, and we tested that hypothesis in vitro by comparing heat-killed type III and type V pneumococcus and 23-valent purified pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides with Escherichia coli and purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as stimuli for TNF production by the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. We evaluated TNF production in response to various doses and times of exposure to these agents, as well as the effects of indomethacin on TNF production in response to these agents. Stimulation with both types of heat-killed pneumococcus resulted in TNF production in a dose-response fashion, as did stimulation with E. coli. Fewer type III pneumococci (10 bacteria/ml) were required to stimulate significant TNF secretion than either type V pneumococcus or E. coli, but the overall dose-response curves of the three bacteria were similar. The dose-response curves for pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides and LPS were very similar, although at the highest concentration pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides stimulated more TNF secretion than did LPS (469 versus 213 U/ml). The kinetics of pneumococcus-stimulated TNF secretion were identical to the kinetics of LPS-stimulated TNF secretion. In the presence of indomethacin, pneumococcus-stimulated TNF production decreased by 87.5%, as compared with pneumococcus alone. In contrast, LPS with indomethacin stimulated 19.5% more TNF than LPS alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
G. Sen, A. Q. Khan, Q. Chen, and C. M. Snapper
In Vivo Humoral Immune Responses to Isolated Pneumococcal Polysaccharides Are Dependent on the Presence of Associated TLR Ligands
J. Immunol., September 1, 2005; 175(5): 3084 - 3091.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
B. M. Schaaf, F. Boehmke, H. Esnaashari, U. Seitzer, H. Kothe, M. Maass, P. Zabel, and K. Dalhoff
Pneumococcal Septic Shock Is Associated with the Interleukin-10-1082 Gene Promoter Polymorphism
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 15, 2003; 168(4): 476 - 480.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
A. R. Kerr, J. J. Irvine, J. J. Search, N. A. Gingles, A. Kadioglu, P. W. Andrew, W. L. McPheat, C. G. Booth, and Tim. J. Mitchell
Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Resistance and Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Infection
Infect. Immun., March 1, 2002; 70(3): 1547 - 1557.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
Y. Bergeron, A.-M. Deslauriers, N. Ouellet, M.-C. Gauthier, and M. G. Bergeron
Influence of Cefodizime on Pulmonary Inflammatory Response to Heat-Killed Klebsiella pneumoniae in Mice
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 1999; 43(9): 2291 - 2294.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
M. Segura, J. Stankova, and M. Gottschalk
Heat-Killed Streptococcus suis Capsular Type 2 Strains Stimulate Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin-6 Production by Murine Macrophages
Infect. Immun., September 1, 1999; 67(9): 4646 - 4654.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
M. Duong, M. Simard, Y. Bergeron, N. Ouellet, M. Côté-Richer, and M. G. Bergeron
Immunomodulating Effects of HMR 3004 on Pulmonary Inflammation Caused by Heat-Killed Streptococcus pneumoniae in Mice
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., December 1, 1998; 42(12): 3309 - 3312.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
Y. Bergeron, N. Ouellet, A.-M. Deslauriers, M. Simard, M. Olivier, and M. G. Bergeron
Reduction by Cefodizime of the Pulmonary Inflammatory Response Induced by Heat-Killed Streptococcus pneumoniae in Mice
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 1998; 42(10): 2527 - 2533.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 BloodHome page
J. Murray, J. A.J. Barbara, S. A. Dunkley, A. F. Lopez, X. Van Ostade, A. M. Condliffe, I. Dransfield, C. Haslett, and E. R. Chilvers
Regulation of Neutrophil Apoptosis by Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha : Requirement for TNFR55 and TNFR75 for Induction of Apoptosis In Vitro
Blood, October 1, 1997; 90(7): 2772 - 2783.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
Copyright © 1994 American Thoracic Society.