Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.,
Volume 18, Number 5, May, 1998 706-711
Expression of IgE Heavy Chain Transcripts in the Sinus Mucosa of Atopic
and Nonatopic Patients with Chronic Sinusitis
Omar
Ghaffar,
Stephen R.
Durham,
Khalid
Al-Ghamdi,
Erin
Wright,
Peter
Small,
Saul
Frenkiel,
Hannah J.
Gould,
and
Qutayba
Hamid
Meakins-Christie Laboratories, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
Division of Upper Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at National Heart and Lung Institute;
and Randall Institute, King's College, London, United Kingdom
We have recently shown the increased mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 in sinus biopsies
from allergic subjects with chronic sinusitis (ACS), whereas only IL-13 mRNA was elevated in biopsies
obtained from nonallergic subjects with chronic sinusitis (NCS). In the lymph nodes and spleen, these cytokines may promote IgE production through transcriptional activation of the germline IgE heavy chain
promoter, an event which precedes immunoglobulin isotype switching to IgE in B cells. We hypothesized
that local expression of IL-4 and/or IL-13 might act by inducing germline IgE heavy chain transcript expression locally in the sinus mucosa of chronic sinusitis patients. Mucosal sinus biopsies were obtained from 13 patients with ACS, 12 subjects with NCS, and 11 normal control individuals. The numbers of B
cells in the sinus mucosa were studied by immunocytochemistry with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies.
In situ hybridization was performed using antisense radiolabeled riboprobes complementary to the IgE
-heavy chain germline (I ) and heavy chain constant region (C ) gene transcripts. Riboprobes specific
for the IgG 
-heavy chain constant region (C) were used as an isotype control. Immunocytochemical
analysis indicated augmented numbers of CD20-positive B cells in the biopsies obtained from ACS patients compared with NCS subjects (P < 0.05) and normal control subjects (P < 0.01). Statistically significant increases were observed in the numbers of cells expressing I and C transcripts in the sinus mucosa
of ACS patients compared with those with NCS (P < 0.001) and normal controls (P < 0.001), while C
RNA expression did not differ significantly between the groups. In three randomly selected ACS biopsies,
92-100% of cells expressing C transcripts and 100% of I RNA-positive cells coexpressed CD20 immunoreactivity. Cells expressing C transcripts were also significantly increased in NCS compared with normal controls (P < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that local IgE class switching occurs in the
pathogenesis of ACS and that ACS and NCS are both associated with increased expression of C transcripts.
