help button home button
AJRCMB
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Aoshiba, K.
Right arrow Articles by Nagai, A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Aoshiba, K.
Right arrow Articles by Nagai, A.
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 28, pp. 555-562, 2003
© 2003 American Thoracic Society
DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2002-0090OC

Alveolar Wall Apoptosis Causes Lung Destruction and Emphysematous Changes

Kazutetsu Aoshiba, Naoko Yokohori and Atsushi Nagai

First Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan

Address correspondence to: Kazutetsu Aoshiba, M.D., First Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. E-mail: kaoshiba{at}chi.twmu.ac.jp

Pulmonary emphysema is characterized by alveolar wall destruction and airspace enlargement. Recent evidence indicates that epithelial or endothelial apoptosis may be involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema. Here, we describe the induction of emphysematous changes, including airspace enlargement, alveolar wall destruction, and enhanced lung distensibility, in mice receiving a single intratracheal injection of active caspase-3 and Chariot, a newly developed protein transfection reagent. Epithelial apoptosis and enhanced elastolytic activity (optimal at pH 5.5) in bronchoalveolar lavage were noted. Emphysematous changes were also generated in mice receiving an intratracheal injection of nodularin, a proapoptotic serine/threonine kinase inhibitor. This murine model provides direct evidence that confirms that alveolar wall apoptosis causes emphysematous changes. Furthermore, this simple technique for protein transfection of lung tissue can be used in a variety of future applications.

Abbreviations: bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL • Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, DMEM • dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO • cell-extracellular matrix, ECM • fluorescein isothiocyanate, FITC • horseradish peroxidase, HRP • phosphate-buffered saline, PBS • single-stranded DNA, ssDNA • terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling, TUNEL




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
K. B. Adler and S. Matalon
Highlights of the October Issue
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2009; 41(4): 377 - 378.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
M. Mouded, E. E. Egea, M. J. Brown, S. M. Hanlon, A. M. Houghton, L. W. Tsai, E. P. Ingenito, and S. D. Shapiro
Epithelial Cell Apoptosis Causes Acute Lung Injury Masquerading as Emphysema
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2009; 41(4): 407 - 414.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
D. S. Faffe and W. A. Zin
Lung Parenchymal Mechanics in Health and Disease
Physiol Rev, July 1, 2009; 89(3): 759 - 775.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
T. R. Richens, D. J. Linderman, S. A. Horstmann, C. Lambert, Y.-Q. Xiao, R. L. Keith, D. M. Boe, K. Morimoto, R. P. Bowler, B. J. Day, et al.
Cigarette Smoke Impairs Clearance of Apoptotic Cells through Oxidant-dependent Activation of RhoA
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2009; 179(11): 1011 - 1021.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
A. Churg, S. Zhou, X. Wang, R. Wang, and J. L. Wright
The Role of Interleukin-1{beta} in Murine Cigarette Smoke-Induced Emphysema and Small Airway Remodeling
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2009; 40(4): 482 - 490.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
Y. Chen, M. Hanaoka, P. Chen, Y. Droma, N. F. Voelkel, and K. Kubo
Protective effect of beraprost sodium, a stable prostacyclin analog, in the development of cigarette smoke extract-induced emphysema
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2009; 296(4): L648 - L656.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Peddibhotla, M. H. Lam, M. Gonzalez-Rimbau, and J. M. Rosen
From the Cover: The DNA-damage effector checkpoint kinase 1 is essential for chromosome segregation and cytokinesis
PNAS, March 31, 2009; 106(13): 5159 - 5164.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
A. Kazeros, B.-G. Harvey, B. J. Carolan, H. Vanni, A. Krause, and R. G. Crystal
Overexpression of Apoptotic Cell Removal Receptor MERTK in Alveolar Macrophages of Cigarette Smokers
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., December 1, 2008; 39(6): 747 - 757.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
D. M. Brass, J. W. Hollingsworth, M. Cinque, Z. Li, E. Potts, E. Toloza, W. M. Foster, and D. A. Schwartz
Chronic LPS Inhalation Causes Emphysema-Like Changes in Mouse Lung that Are Associated with Apoptosis
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2008; 39(5): 584 - 590.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. J. Giordano, J. Lahdenranta, L. Zhen, U. Chukwueke, I. Petrache, R. R. Langley, I. J. Fidler, R. Pasqualini, R. M. Tuder, and W. Arap
Targeted Induction of Lung Endothelial Cell Apoptosis Causes Emphysema-like Changes in the Mouse
J. Biol. Chem., October 24, 2008; 283(43): 29447 - 29460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
C. J. Clarke, S. Forman, J. Pritchett, V. Ohanian, and J. Ohanian
Phospholipase C-{delta}1 modulates sustained contraction of rat mesenteric small arteries in response to noradrenaline, but not endothelin-1
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): H826 - H834.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
K. M. Kim, S. H. Park, J. S. Kim, W. K. Lee, S. I. Cha, C. H. Kim, Y. M. Kang, T. H. Jung, I. S. Kim, and J. Y. Park
Polymorphisms in the type IV collagen {alpha}3 gene and the risk of COPD
Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2008; 32(1): 35 - 41.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
J. L. Wright, M. Cosio, and A. Churg
Animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): L1 - L15.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
M. E. De Paepe, S. Gundavarapu, U. Tantravahi, J. R. Pepperell, S. A. Haley, F. I. Luks, and Q. Mao
Fas-Ligand-Induced Apoptosis of Respiratory Epithelial Cells Causes Disruption of Postcanalicular Alveolar Development
Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2008; 173(1): 42 - 56.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
I Petrache, K Diab, K S Knox, H L Twigg III, R S Stephens, S Flores, and R M Tuder
HIV associated pulmonary emphysema: a review of the literature and inquiry into its mechanism
Thorax, May 1, 2008; 63(5): 463 - 469.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
A. Churg, M. Cosio, and J. L. Wright
Mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced COPD: insights from animal models
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): L612 - L631.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
R. D. Bland, R. Ertsey, L. M. Mokres, L. Xu, B. E. Jacobson, S. Jiang, C. M. Alvira, M. Rabinovitch, E. S. Shinwell, and A. Dixit
Mechanical ventilation uncouples synthesis and assembly of elastin and increases apoptosis in lungs of newborn mice.: Prelude to defective alveolar septation during lung development?
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2008; 294(1): L3 - L14.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
Y. Hoshino, T. Nakamura, A. Sato, M. Mishima, J. Yodoi, and H. Nakamura
Neurotropin Demonstrates Cytoprotective Effects in Lung Cells through the Induction of Thioredoxin-1
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2007; 37(4): 438 - 446.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
A. Churg, R. Wang, X. Wang, P.-O. Onnervik, K. Thim, and J. L Wright
Effect of an MMP-9/MMP-12 inhibitor on smoke-induced emphysema and airway remodelling in guinea pigs
Thorax, August 1, 2007; 62(8): 706 - 713.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
T. Yoshida and R. M. Tuder
Pathobiology of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Physiol Rev, July 1, 2007; 87(3): 1047 - 1082.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
D. Liu, H. Si, K. A. Reynolds, W. Zhen, Z. Jia, and J. S. Dillon
Dehydroepiandrosterone Protects Vascular Endothelial Cells against Apoptosis through a G{alpha}i Protein-Dependent Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt and Regulation of Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 Expression
Endocrinology, July 1, 2007; 148(7): 3068 - 3076.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
T. Hoshino, S. Kato, N. Oka, H. Imaoka, T. Kinoshita, S. Takei, Y. Kitasato, T. Kawayama, T. Imaizumi, K. Yamada, et al.
Pulmonary Inflammation and Emphysema: Role of the Cytokines IL-18 and IL-13
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 1, 2007; 176(1): 49 - 62.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
V. Pinto-Plata, J. Toso, K. Lee, D. Park, J. Bilello, H. Mullerova, M. M De Souza, R. Vessey, and B. Celli
Profiling serum biomarkers in patients with COPD: associations with clinical parameters
Thorax, July 1, 2007; 62(7): 595 - 601.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
H. Fehrenbach, G. Zimmermann, E. Starke, V. A Bratu, D. Conrad, A. O Yildirim, and A. Fehrenbach
Nitrogen dioxide induces apoptosis and proliferation but not emphysema in rat lungs
Thorax, May 1, 2007; 62(5): 438 - 446.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M.-J. Kang, R. J. Homer, A. Gallo, C. G. Lee, K. A. Crothers, S. J. Cho, C. Rochester, H. Cain, G. Chupp, H. J. Yoon, et al.
IL-18 Is Induced and IL-18 Receptor {alpha} Plays a Critical Role in the Pathogenesis of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Emphysema and Inflammation
J. Immunol., February 1, 2007; 178(3): 1948 - 1959.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol PatholHome page
J. L. Wright and A. Churg
Current Concepts in Mechanisms of Emphysema
Toxicol Pathol, January 1, 2007; 35(1): 111 - 115.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ERRHome page
H. Fehrenbach
Animal models of pulmonary emphysema: a stereologist's perspective
Eur. Respir. Rev., December 1, 2006; 15(101): 136 - 147.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
R. M. Tuder, T. Yoshida, I. Fijalkowka, S. Biswal, and I. Petrache
Role of Lung Maintenance Program in the Heterogeneity of Lung Destruction in Emphysema
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2006; 3(8): 673 - 679.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
L. Taraseviciene-Stewart, I. S. Douglas, P. S. Nana-Sinkam, J. D. Lee, R. M. Tuder, M. R. Nicolls, and N. F. Voelkel
Is Alveolar Destruction and Emphysema in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease an Immune Disease?
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2006; 3(8): 687 - 690.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
T. Tsuji, K. Aoshiba, and A. Nagai
Alveolar Cell Senescence in Patients with Pulmonary Emphysema
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2006; 174(8): 886 - 893.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
I. Petrache, I. Fijalkowska, T. R. Medler, J. Skirball, P. Cruz, L. Zhen, H. I. Petrache, T. R. Flotte, and R. M. Tuder
{alpha}-1 Antitrypsin Inhibits Caspase-3 Activity, Preventing Lung Endothelial Cell Apoptosis
Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 2006; 169(4): 1155 - 1166.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
T. Sato, K. Seyama, Y. Sato, H. Mori, S. Souma, T. Akiyoshi, Y. Kodama, T. Mori, S. Goto, K. Takahashi, et al.
Senescence Marker Protein-30 Protects Mice Lungs from Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Smoking
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2006; 174(5): 530 - 537.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
J. A. Elias, M. J. Kang, K. Crouthers, R. Homer, and C. G. Lee
State of the Art. Mechanistic Heterogeneity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Insights from Transgenic Mice
Proceedings of the ATS, August 1, 2006; 3(6): 494 - 498.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
A. I. D'hulst, K. R. Bracke, T. Maes, J. L. De Bleecker, R. A. Pauwels, G. F. Joos, and G. G. Brusselle
Role of tumour necrosis factor-{alpha} receptor p75 in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema
Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2006; 28(1): 102 - 112.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
K. Kenzaki, S. Sakiyama, K. Kondo, M. Yoshida, Y. Kawakami, M. Takehisa, H. Takizawa, T. Miyoshi, Y. Bando, A. Tangoku, et al.
Lung regeneration: Implantation of fetal rat lung fragments into adult rat lung parenchyma
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 2006; 131(5): 1148 - 1153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
B. Ma, W. Liu, R. J. Homer, P. J. Lee, A. J. Coyle, J. M. Lora, C. G. Lee, and J. A. Elias
Role of CCR5 in the Pathogenesis of IL-13-Induced Inflammation and Remodeling.
J. Immunol., April 15, 2006; 176(8): 4968 - 4978.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
D. Liu, W. Zhen, Z. Yang, J. D. Carter, H. Si, and K. A. Reynolds
Genistein Acutely Stimulates Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic {beta}-Cells Through a cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Pathway.
Diabetes, April 1, 2006; 55(4): 1043 - 1050.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
S. Kasagi, K. Seyama, H. Mori, S. Souma, T. Sato, T. Akiyoshi, H. Suganuma, and Y. Fukuchi
Tomato juice prevents senescence-accelerated mouse P1 strain from developing emphysema induced by chronic exposure to tobacco smoke
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2006; 290(2): L396 - L404.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
W. MacNee
Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2005; 2(4): 258 - 266.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
C. A. Owen
Proteinases and Oxidants as Targets in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2005; 2(4): 373 - 385.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
P.-P. Kuang, E. Lucey, D. C. Rishikof, D. E. Humphries, D. Bronsnick, and R. H. Goldstein
Engraftment of Neonatal Lung Fibroblasts into the Normal and Elastase-Injured Lung
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2005; 33(4): 371 - 377.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
T. Suzuki, T. J. Moraes, E. Vachon, H. H. Ginzberg, T.-T. Huang, M. A. Matthay, M. D. Hollenberg, J. Marshall, C. A. G. McCulloch, M. T. H. Abreu, et al.
Proteinase-Activated Receptor-1 Mediates Elastase-Induced Apoptosis of Human Lung Epithelial Cells
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 2005; 33(3): 231 - 247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
M. B. Maron, H. G. Folkesson, S. M. Stader, and J. M. Walro
PKA delivery to the distal lung air spaces increases alveolar liquid clearance after isoproterenol-induced alveolar epithelial PKA desensitization
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2005; 289(2): L349 - L354.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
T. Zheng, M. J. Kang, K. Crothers, Z. Zhu, W. Liu, C. G. Lee, L. A. Rabach, H. A. Chapman, R. J. Homer, D. Aldous, et al.
Role of Cathepsin S-Dependent Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in IFN-{gamma}-Induced Alveolar Remodeling and Pulmonary Emphysema
J. Immunol., June 15, 2005; 174(12): 8106 - 8115.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
N. Voelkel and L. Taraseviciene-Stewart
Emphysema: An Autoimmune Vascular Disease?
Proceedings of the ATS, April 1, 2005; 2(1): 23 - 25.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
N. Shigemura, Y. Sawa, S. Mizuno, M. Ono, M. Ohta, T. Nakamura, Y. Kaneda, and H. Matsuda
Amelioration of Pulmonary Emphysema by In Vivo Gene Transfection With Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Rats
Circulation, March 22, 2005; 111(11): 1407 - 1414.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
K. Imai, B. A. Mercer, L. L. Schulman, J. R. Sonett, and J. M. D'Armiento
Correlation of lung surface area to apoptosis and proliferation in human emphysema
Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2005; 25(2): 250 - 258.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
A. Spira, J. Beane, V. Pinto-Plata, A. Kadar, G. Liu, V. Shah, B. Celli, and J. S. Brody
Gene Expression Profiling of Human Lung Tissue from Smokers with Severe Emphysema
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., December 1, 2004; 31(6): 601 - 610.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
P. K. Jeffery
Remodeling and Inflammation of Bronchi in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2004; 1(3): 176 - 183.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
H. Kim, X. Liu, T. Kobayashi, H. Conner, T. Kohyama, F.-Q. Wen, Q. Fang, S. Abe, P. Bitterman, and S. I. Rennard
Reversible Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced DNA Damage in Human Lung Fibroblasts
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2004; 31(5): 483 - 490.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
O. Holz, I. Zuhlke, E. Jaksztat, K.C. Muller, L. Welker, M. Nakashima, K.D. Diemel, D. Branscheid, H. Magnussen, and R.A. Jorres
Lung fibroblasts from patients with emphysema show a reduced proliferation rate in culture
Eur. Respir. J., October 1, 2004; 24(4): 575 - 579.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
X. Li, R. Shu, G. Filippatos, and B. D. Uhal
Apoptosis in lung injury and remodeling
J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2004; 97(4): 1535 - 1542.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
K. Tang, H. B. Rossiter, P. D. Wagner, and E. C. Breen
Lung-targeted VEGF inactivation leads to an emphysema phenotype in mice
J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2004; 97(4): 1559 - 1566.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
A. Churg, R. D. Wang, H. Tai, X. Wang, C. Xie, and J. L. Wright
Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Drives 70% of Cigarette Smoke-induced Emphysema in the Mouse
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2004; 170(5): 492 - 498.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
N. A. Molfino
Genetics of COPD
Chest, May 1, 2004; 125(5): 1929 - 1940.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
D. Massaro, G. D. Massaro, A. Baras, E. P. Hoffman, and L. B. Clerch
Calorie-related rapid onset of alveolar loss, regeneration, and changes in mouse lung gene expression
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): L896 - L906.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
N. Yokohori, K. Aoshiba, and A. Nagai
Increased Levels of Cell Death and Proliferation in Alveolar Wall Cells in Patients With Pulmonary Emphysema
Chest, February 1, 2004; 125(2): 626 - 632.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
R. M. Tuder, I. Petrache, J. A. Elias, N. F. Voelkel, and P. M. Henson
Apoptosis and Emphysema: The Missing Link
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., May 1, 2003; 28(5): 551 - 554.
[Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
Copyright © 2003 American Thoracic Society.