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Published ahead of print on May 25, 2006, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2006-0084OC
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American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. Vol. 35, pp. 488-495, 2006
© 2006 American Thoracic Society
DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0084OC

Association of TNF Haplotypes with Asthma, Serum IgE Levels, and Correlation with Serum TNF-{alpha} Levels

Shilpy Sharma, Amit Sharma, Sarvesh Kumar, Surendra K. Sharma and Balaram Ghosh

Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi; Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr. Balaram Ghosh, Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India. E-mail: bghosh{at}igib.res.in

Both biochemical and genetic evidence have implicated the genes for TNF-{alpha} (TNFA) and lymphotoxin-{alpha} (LTA) in atopic asthma. Here, we report for the first time the association of their genotypes and haplotypes with atopic asthma in Indian populations. We genotyped seven single nucleotide polymorphisms, encompassing the two genes, in patients and control subjects in two independent cohorts. Serum TNF-{alpha} levels of selected individuals were measured and correlated with genotypes and haplotypes. The A allele of the TNFA–863C > A polymorphism was associated with reduced risk of asthma (P = 0.002 and 0.007 in Cohorts A and B, respectively), reduced TsIgE levels (P = 0.0024 and P = 0.0029 in Cohorts A and B, respectively), and reduced serum TNF-{alpha} levels (P < 0.05). A marginal association was also observed for LTA_NcoI polymorphism with asthma and TsIgE levels. Furthermore, analysis using HAPLO. STATS showed significant differences in the major haplotype frequencies (> 3%) between patients and control subjects (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006 for Cohorts A and B, respectively). Individually, the haplotype GATCCG was the most frequent in patients (P = 0.0029 and P = 0.0025 for Cohorts A and B, respectively), and was associated with high TsIgE and serum TNF-{alpha} levels, whereas AACACG was the most frequent in the control subjects (P = 0.0032 and P = 0.022 for Cohorts A and B, respectively), and was associated with low TsIgE and serum TNF-{alpha} levels. We also report here that the C > A substitution at position –863 of the TNFA influences the binding of nuclear proteins in electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments. Thus, the TNFA–863C > A polymorphism in the promoter region of TNFA may influence TNF-{alpha} expression and affect TsIgE levels and susceptibility to asthma.

Key Words: asthma • haplotype • Indian population • LTA • TNF-{alpha}




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