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Published ahead of print on May 30, 2003, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2002-0274OC

Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., Volume 29, Number 5, November 2003, 591-597

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Submitted on November 27, 2002
Revised on May 28, 2003

Expression and Localization of Lung Surfactant Protein A in Human Tissues

Jens Madsen1, Ida Tornoe1, Ole Nielsen2, Claus Koch3, Wolfram Steinhilber4, and Uffe Holmskov1*

1 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute of Medical Biology, Odense, Denmark, 2 Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, 3 The Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4 Altana Pharma, Konstanz, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: uholmskov{at}health.sdu.dk.

Lung surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a collectin produced by alveolar type-II cells and Clara cells. It binds to carbohydrate structures on microorganisms, initiating effector mechanisms of innate immunity and modulating the inflammatory response in the lung. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed on a panel of RNAs from human tissues for SP-A mRNA expression. The lung was the main site of synthesis, but transcripts were readily amplified from the trachea, prostate, pancreas and thymus. Weak expression was observed in the colon and salivary gland. SP-A sequences derived from lung and thymus mRNA revealed the presence of both SP-A1 and SP-A2, while only SP-A2 expression was found in the trachea and prostate. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against SP-A and characterized. One of these (HYB 238-4) reacted in Western blotting with both reduced and unreduced SP-A, with N-deglycosylated and collagenase-treated SP-A, and with both recombinant SP-A1 and SP-A2. This antibody was used to demonstrate SP-A in immunohistochemistry of human tissues. Strong SP-A immunoreactivity was seen in alveolar type-II cells, Clara cells and on and within alveolar macrophages, but no extrapulmonary SP-A immunoreactivity was observed. In contrast to lung surfactant protein D (SP-D), which is generally expressed on mucosal surfaces, SP-A seems to be restricted to the respiratory system.




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