Published ahead of print on February 24, 2005, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2004-0269OC
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., Volume 32, Number 5, May 2005, 428-435
A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2005
Submitted on August 20, 2004
Revised on February 24, 2005
Expression and regulation of small proline rich protein (SPRR)2 in allergic inflammation
Nives Zimmermann1, Matthew P Doepker1, David P Witte2, Keith F Stringer2, Patricia C Fulkerson1, Samuel M Pope1, Eric B Brandt1, Anil Mishra1, Nina E King1, Nikolaos M Nikolaidis1, Marsha Wills-Karp3, Fred D Finkelman4, and Marc E Rothenberg1*
1 Divisions of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,
2 Division of Pathology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,
3 Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,
4 Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, and the Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rothenberg{at}cchmc.org.
Asthma is a complex inflammatory pulmonary disorder that is on the rise despite intense ongoing research. We aimed to elucidate novel pathways involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Employing asthma models induced by different allergens (ovalbumin and Aspergillus fumigatus) we uncovered the involvement of two members of the small proline rich protein (SPRR) family, SPRR2a and SPRR2b, known to be involved in epithelial differentiation but not allergic disease. In situ hybridization revealed induction of SPRR2 signal in a subset of bronchial epithelial cells and mononuclear cells associated with inflammation following allergen challenge. Allergen-induced SPRR2 mRNA accumulation in the lung occurred in a time-dependent manner with peak expression 10 - 96 hours after a second ovalbumin challenge. Transgenic overexpression of IL-13 in the lungs resulted in a marked increase of SPRR2 expression and allergen-induced SPRR2 expression was significantly decreased in IL-13-deficient mice. Studies in gene-targeted mice revealed that allergen-induced SPRR2 was dependent upon STAT6. Finally, we aimed to determine if the induction of SPRR2 by allergen was tissue specific. Notably, SPRR2 was markedly increased in the small intestine following induction of allergic gastrointestinal inflammation. Thus, SPRR2 is an allergen- and IL-13-induced gene in experimental allergic responses that may be involved in disease pathophysiology.
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