Published ahead of print on January 26, 2006, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2006-0022SF
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., Volume 34, Number 5, May 2006, 548-551
A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2006
Submitted on January 19, 2006
Revised on January 26, 2006
Flagellar Activation of Epithelial Signaling
Alice Prince1*
1 Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: asp7{at}columbia.edu.
Mucosal epithelial cells are an important component of the innate immune system forming a physical and immunological barrier to inhaled bacteria. As polarized cells with tight junctions, the immunological signaling functions of airway epithelial cells differ from those of professional immune cells. While many bacterial gene products activate airway mucosal cells, flagella are especially immunostimulatory. The motility function provided by flagella is essential for the initial stages of respiratory infection associated with opportunists such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Apically presented toll-like receptor 5 responds specifically to bacterial flagellin transducing a number of epithelial proinflammatory signaling cascades including the induction of Ca2+ fluxes, activation of NF- B, IL-8, matrilysin and mucin expression. The complexities of flagella and flagellin structures, how these bacterial components initiate host signaling and their potential as a vaccine target are reviewed.
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Copyright © 2006 American Thoracic Society.
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